The Supreme Court of India overruled a decision from 2023 regarding the enforceability of arbitration agreements, on which stamp duty was not paid as mandatorily required under the Indian Stamp Act. The Indian Stamp Act provides that ‘stamp duty’ (an indirect tax paid to the Government) must be paid on all instruments on which such […]
With judgement of September 14, 2023 (in the proceeding C-393/22, EXTERIA s.r.o. v. Spravime s.r.o.), the European Court of Justice decided on the interpretation of Article 7(1) Reg. No. 1215/2012, in the context of a contract to enter into a future contract of franchising. Facts On 28 June 2018, EXTÉRIA s.r.o., a company established in […]
Franchisors and parent companies supplying goods for sale in Canada should begin to evaluate and address the ethical standards of their supply chains. Bill S-211, An Act to enact the Fighting Against Forced Labour and Child Labour in Supply Chains Act and to amend the Customs Tariff (the “Act”) will impose annual reporting obligations on Canadian businesses […]
This contribution, concerning the role of know-how in the context of franchising agreements, deals with the decision of the Court of Appeal of Cagliari of October 31, 2023, also in view of my previous contribution of July 16, 2018 on the decision of the Supreme Court No. 11256 of May 10, 2018. In such judgement […]
The Danish Maritime and Commercial Court recently rendered judgment on the effectiveness of a termination notice that did not comply with the contractual requirements for termination of an exclusive distribution agreement. In 1988, a Danish supplier of vacuum cleaners entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with a Moroccan distributor for the distribution of certain […]
Saskatchewan could soon become the seventh Canadian province to enact franchise legislation, joining Alberta, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Manitoba and British Columbia. The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan introduced Bill 149, The Franchise Disclosure Act (the Saskatchewan bill), for first reading on November 9, 2023. If enacted, the Saskatchewan bill would serve as the province’s first […]
A commercial agent received a monthly fixed fee/bonus linked to at least 5 years of work and the achievement of certain targets. After 3½ years, he wanted to terminate the contract and was then confronted with a reclaim. The contractual provisions A commercial agent for rental contracts for printers received a turnover-based commission. Furthermore, he […]
With decision of June 29, 2023 (in the proceeding C-211/22, Super Bock Bebidas SA, AN, BQ v. Autoridade de Concorrência), the European Court of Justice decided on the interpretation of the rules of Reg. No. 2790/1999 and No. 330/2010 on price fixing, in the context of an exclusive distributorship contract. The judgement is very interesting, […]
After several failed attempts at putting in place a distinct data privacy law, the Indian Government finally notified the Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 (DPDPA) on 11th August 2023. The following features of the law may be of particular note and importance to foreign franchisees: The law puts in place the power to impose […]
Saudi Arabia continues to overhaul and modernise its legal system in (commercial) contract matters: Following the entry into force of the Commercial Franchise Regulations (Franchise Law) in 2019 (see IDI Newsletter November 2019), the Civil Transaction Regulations (Saudi Arabia’s first “Civil Code”) was enacted recently by Royal Decree M/191 of 29/11/1444H. (18 June 2023) and […]
Legal framework Pursuant to Article 3.4, c), of Law 129/2004 (the Italian law on franchising): “(..) The agreement must furthermore expressly indicate: (c) the scope of the territorial exclusivity, if any, with respect to other franchisees or to channels and sales units directly managed by the franchisor;” The above provision (and particularly the indication “if […]
(i) General Remarks Distribution, as a business collaboration contract, has been defined, at least following the interpretation that has prevailed in Uruguay, as a contract between independent parties, each of which fulfills its respective activity without, in principle, a preeminence of one over the other party. A distributor, when he agrees to market the products […]
When the Covid-19 pandemic hit the world in early 2020 the licence industry was impacted just like anyone else. However, licensing has contributed immensely to economic recovery by providing considerable growth in relation to new systems development and appointing new licensees in various industries. All parties collect a variety of information and in New Zealand […]
On 15 December 2022, the Government of the United Arab Emirates issued the Federal Law No. 3 of 2022 regulating commercial agencies (“New Agency Law”), which replaced the current commercial agency law at the time of this publication, the Federal Law 18 of 1981 (“Old Law”), after 41 years of application. The New Commercial Agencies […]
Class actions have existed in French law since the Hamon Law of 2014 (Law No. 2014-344 of 17 March 2014). They were originally limited to consumer law and competition law. As such, a nationally representative and approved consumer protection association may bring an action before a civil court in order to obtain compensation for individual […]
Argentine franchise law is contained in 12 articles 1512-1524 of the CCYC. Labor law infringements constitute the bulk of the cases that we shall quote and deal with a specific provision or the laws declaring that (section 1520) there is no labor relationship between franchisor- franchisee since each party is an independent company, except if the law establish […]
Arbitration clauses in agreements which have not been duly stamped cannot be enforced. In April 2023, The Supreme Court of India held that when a document on which stamp duty is to be paid as per the Indian Stamp Act contains an arbitration clause and such document has not been duly stamped, it cannot be […]
In a landmark decision of April 7th, 2023, the Belgian Supreme Court (C.21.0325) has ruled that such disputes can be submitted to arbitration, disregarding the fact whether the arbitrator will apply Belgian law or not. By this decision the Court distanced itself from established case law. The Court came to that decision after applying the […]
